Rats with adenine-induced chronic renal failure develop low-renin, salt-sensitive hypertension and increased aortic stiffness

• Rats with adenine-induced chronic renal failure (A-CRF) develop metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities resembling those in patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of hypertension in this model and to assess aortic stiffness in vivo. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were equipped with radiotelemetry probes for arterial pressure recordings and received either chow containing adenine or normal control diet. At 7 to 11 wk after study start, blood pressure responses to high NaCl (4%) diet and different pharmacological interventions were analyzed. Aortic pulse wave velocity was measured under isoflurane anesthesia. Baseline 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 101 +/- 10 and 119 +/- 9 mmHg in controls and A-CRF animals, respectively (P < 0.01). After 5 days of a high-NaCl diet, MAP had increased by 24 +/- 6 mmHg in A-CRF animals vs. 2 +/- 1 mmHg in controls (P < 0.001). Candesartan (10 mg/kg by gavage) produced a more pronounced reduction of MAP in controls vs. A-CRF animals (-12 +/- 3 vs. -5 +/- 5 mmHg, P < 0.05). Aortic pulse wave velocity was elevated in A-CRF rats (5.10 +/- 0.51 vs. 4.58 +/- 0.17 m/s, P < 0.05). Plasma levels of creatinine were markedly elevated in A-CRF animals (259 +/- 46 vs. 31 +/- 2 muM, P < 0.001), whereas plasma renin activity was suppressed (0.6 +/- 0.5 vs. 12.3 +/- 7.3 mug.l(-1).h(-1), P < 0.001). In conclusion, hypertension in A-CRF animals is characterized by low plasma renin activity and is aggravated by high-NaCl diet, suggesting a pathogenic role for sodium retention and hypervolemia probably secondary to renal insufficiency. Additionally, aortic stiffness was elevated in A-CRF animals as indicated by increased aortic pulse wave velocity

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Urologi och njurmedicin (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Urology and Nephrology (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Kardiologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv//eng)

Keyword

chronic kidney disease

adenine

hypertension

pulse wave velocity

aortic stiffness

chronic kidney-disease

pulse-wave velocity

vascular calcification

arterial stiffness

angiotensin-ii

asymmetric dimethylarginine

blood-pressure

serum

association

phosphorus

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)