The effect of beryllium oxide on retention in JET ITER-like wall tiles

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The effect of beryllium oxide on retention in JET ITER-like wall tiles

Makepeace, C. (author): Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PH, England.

Bergsåker, Henrik (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Bykov, Igor (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Frassinetti, Lorenzo (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Garcia Carrasco, Alvaro, 1989- (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Hellsten, Torbjörn (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Johnson, Thomas (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Menmuir, Sheena (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Petersson, Per (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Rachlew, Elisabeth (author): KTH,Partikel- och astropartikelfysik

Ratynskaia, Svetlana (author): KTH,Rymd- och plasmafysik

Rubel, Marek (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Stefániková, Estera (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Ström, Petter (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Tholerus, Emmi (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Tolias, Panagiotis (author): KTH,Rymd- och plasmafysik

Olivares, Pablo Vallejos (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Weckmann, Armin (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Zhou, Yushan (author): KTH,Fusionsplasmafysik

Zychor, I. (author): Natl Ctr Nucl Res, PL-05400 Otwock, Poland.

Andersson Sundén, Erik (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Binda, F. (author)

Cecconello, Marco (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Conroy, Sean (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Dzysiuk, N. (author)

Ericsson, Göran (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Eriksson, Jacob, Dr, 1985- (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Hellesen, C. (author)

Hjalmarsson, Anders (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Possnert, Göran, 1951- (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik,Tandemlaboratoriet

Sjöstrand, Henrik, 1978- (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

Skiba, M. (author)

Weiszflog, Matthias (author): Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad kärnfysik

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Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PH, England Fusionsplasmafysik (creator_code:org_t)

Elsevier, 2019
2019
English.
In: Nuclear Materials and Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2352-1791. ; 19, s. 346-351

Related links:: https://doi.org/10.1...; show more...; https://doi.org/10.1...; https://uu.diva-port... (primary) (Raw object); https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.1...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

Preliminary results investigating the microstructure, bonding and effect of beryllium oxide formation on retention in the JET ITER-like wall beryllium tiles, are presented. The tiles have been investigated by several techniques: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with EDX and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS), Raman Spectroscopy and Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS). This paper focuses on results from melted materials of the dump plate tiles in JET. From our results and the literature, it is concluded, beryllium can form micron deep oxide islands contrary to the nanometric oxides predicted under vacuum conditions. The deepest oxides analyzed were up to 2-micron thicknesses. The beryllium Deuteroxide (BeOxDy) bond was found with Raman Spectroscopy. Application of EELS confirmed the oxide presence and stoichiometry. Literature suggests these oxides form at temperatures greater than 700 degrees C where self-diffusion of beryllium ions through the surface oxide layer can occur. Further oxidation is made possible between oxygen plasma impurities and the beryllium ions now present at the wall surface. Under Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) nanometric Beryllium oxide layers are formed and passivate at room temperature. After continual cyclic heating (to the point of melt formation) in the presence of oxygen impurities from the plasma, oxide growth to the levels seen experimentally (approximately two microns) is proposed. This retention mechanism is not considered to contribute dramatically to overall retention in JET, due to low levels of melt formation. However, this mechanism, thought the result of operation environment and melt formation, could be of wider concern to ITER, dependent on wall temperatures.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics (hsv//eng)

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art (subject category)

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NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Physical Science ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Physical Science ...; and Fusion Plasma an ...

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By the university: Royal Institute of Technology; Uppsala University

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