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| Fältnamn | Indikatorer | Metadata |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | 08835naa a2201561 4500 | |
| 001 | oai:DiVA.org:liu-147999 | |
| 003 | SwePub | |
| 008 | 180523s2018 | |||||||||||000 ||eng| | |
| 024 | 7 | a https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1479992 URI |
| 024 | 7 | a https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0085-32 DOI |
| 040 | a (SwePub)liu | |
| 041 | a engb eng | |
| 042 | 9 SwePub | |
| 072 | 7 | a ref2 swepub-contenttype |
| 072 | 7 | a art2 swepub-publicationtype |
| 100 | 1 | a Abellán, C.u ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain4 aut |
| 245 | 1 0 | a Challenging Local Realism with Human Choices |
| 264 | c 2018-05-09 | |
| 264 | 1 | b Nature Publishing Group,c 2018 |
| 338 | a electronic2 rdacarrier | |
| 520 | a A Bell test is a randomized trial that compares experimental observations against the philosophical worldview of local realism , in which the properties of the physical world are independent of our observation of them and no signal travels faster than light. A Bell test requires spatially distributed entanglement, fast and high-efficiency detection and unpredictable measurement settings. Although technology can satisfy the first two of these requirements, the use of physical devices to choose settings in a Bell test involves making assumptions about the physics that one aims to test. Bell himself noted this weakness in using physical setting choices and argued that human 'free will' could be used rigorously to ensure unpredictability in Bell tests. Here we report a set of local-realism tests using human choices, which avoids assumptions about predictability in physics. We recruited about 100,000 human participants to play an online video game that incentivizes fast, sustained input of unpredictable selections and illustrates Bell-test methodology. The participants generated 97,347,490 binary choices, which were directed via a scalable web platform to 12 laboratories on five continents, where 13 experiments tested local realism using photons, single atoms, atomic ensembles and superconducting devices. Over a 12-hour period on 30 November 2016, participants worldwide provided a sustained data flow of over 1,000 bits per second to the experiments, which used different human-generated data to choose each measurement setting. The observed correlations strongly contradict local realism and other realistic positions in bi-partite and tri-partite 12 scenarios. Project outcomes include closing the 'freedom-of-choice loophole' (the possibility that the setting choices are influenced by 'hidden variables' to correlate with the particle properties), the utilization of video-game methods for rapid collection of human-generated randomness, and the use of networking techniques for global participation in experimental science. | |
| 700 | 1 | a Acín, A.u ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain / ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Alarcón, A.u Millennium Institute for Research in Optics, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Alibart, O.u Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7010, Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Nice, France4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Andersen, C. K.u Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Andreoli, F.u Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Beckert, A.u Department of Physics, ETH Zurich,, Zurich, Switzerland4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Beduini, F. A.u ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bendersky, A.u Departamento de Computación, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Comunicación (ICC), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bentivegna, M.u Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bierhorst, P.u National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Burchardt, D.u Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Cabello, A.u Departamento de Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Cariñe, J.u Millennium Institute for Research in Optics, Universidad de Concepción, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Carrasco, S.u ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Carvacho, G.u Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Cavalcanti, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Chaves, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Cortés-Vega, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Cuevas, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Delgado, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a de Riedmatten, H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Eichler, C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Farrera, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Fuenzalida, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a García-Matos, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Garthoff, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Gasparinetti, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Gerrits, T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ghafari Jouneghani, F.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Glancy, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Gómez, E. S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a González, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Guan, J. -Y.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Handsteiner, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Heinsoo, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Heintze, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Hirschmann, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Jiménez, O.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kaiser, F.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Knill, E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Knoll, L. T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Krinner, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kurpiers, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Larotonda, M. A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Larsson, Jan-Åke,d 1969-u Linköpings universitet,Informationskodning,Tekniska fakulteten4 aut0 (Swepub:liu)janla64 |
| 700 | 1 | a Lenhard, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Li, H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Li, M. -H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Lima, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Liu, B.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Liu, Y.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a López Grande, I. H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Lunghi, T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ma, X.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Magaña-Loaiza, O. S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Magnard, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Magnoni, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Martí-Prieto, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Martínez, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mataloni, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mattar, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mazzera, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mirin, R. P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mitchell, M. W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Nam, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Oppliger, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Pan, J. -W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Patel, R. B.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Pryde, G. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Rauch, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Redeker, K.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Rieländer, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ringbauer, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Roberson, T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Rosenfeld, W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Salathé, Y.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Santodonato, L.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Sauder, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Scheidl, T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Schmiegelow, C. T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Sciarrino, F.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Seri, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Shalm, L. K.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Shi, S. -C4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Slussarenko, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Stevens, M. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Tanzilli, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Toledo, F.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Tura, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ursin, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Vergyris, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Verma, V. B.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Walter, T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wallraff, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wang, Z.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Weinfurter, H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Weston, M. M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a White, A. G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wu, C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Xavier, Guilherme B.u Linköpings universitet,Informationskodning,Tekniska fakulteten4 aut0 (Swepub:liu)guiba00 |
| 700 | 1 | a You, L.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Yuan, X.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Zeilinger, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Zhang, Q.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Zhang, W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Zhong, J.4 aut |
| 710 | 2 | a ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spainb ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain / ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain4 org |
| 773 | 0 | t Natured : Nature Publishing Groupg 557, s. 212-216q 557<212-216x 0028-0836x 1476-4687 |
| 856 | 4 | u https://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1209417/FULLTEXT01.pdfx primaryx Raw objecty fulltext:preprint |
| 856 | 4 | u http://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.04431 |
| 856 | 4 8 | u https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147999 |
| 856 | 4 8 | u https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0085-3 |
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- Farrera, P.
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- Gómez, E. S.
- González, P.
- Guan, J. -Y.
- Handsteiner, J.
- Heinsoo, J.
- Heintze, G.
- Hirschmann, A.
- Jiménez, O.
- Kaiser, F.
- Knill, E.
- Knoll, L. T.
- Krinner, S.
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- Mitchell, M. W.
- Nam, S.
- Oppliger, M.
- Pan, J. -W.
- Patel, R. B.
- Pryde, G. J.
- Rauch, D.
- Redeker, K.
- Rieländer, D.
- Ringbauer, M.
- Roberson, T.
- Rosenfeld, W.
- Salathé, Y.
- Santodonato, L.
- Sauder, G.
- Scheidl, T.
- Schmiegelow, C. ...
- Sciarrino, F.
- Seri, A.
- Shalm, L. K.
- Shi, S. -C
- Slussarenko, S.
- Stevens, M. J.
- Tanzilli, S.
- Toledo, F.
- Tura, J.
- Ursin, R.
- Vergyris, P.
- Verma, V. B.
- Walter, T.
- Wallraff, A.
- Wang, Z.
- Weinfurter, H.
- Weston, M. M.
- White, A. G.
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