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Winter and summer m...
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Lentjes, Marleen,1974-Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper
(författare)
Winter and summer meal patterns from the south (56˚N) to the north (69˚N) of Sweden : dietary habits or a role for chrono-nutrition?
- Artikel/kapitelEngelska2021
Förlag, utgivningsår, omfång ...
Nummerbeteckningar
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:oru-88963
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88963URI
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Språk:engelska
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Sammanfattning på:engelska
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Ämneskategori:ref swepub-contenttype
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Ämneskategori:kon swepub-publicationtype
Anmärkningar
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Introduction: Research in seasonal dietary variation has mainly focused on differences in types and quantities of foods consumed; however, with recent interest in the role of chrono-nutrition and health, we studied seasonal variation in meal frequency, time and size, in Sweden where daylight varies from south to north from 17-24 h in summer to 7-0 h in winter.Methods: In the national dietary survey in Sweden, Riksmaten adults 2010-11, a representative section of the population between ages 18-80 years was sampled. Participants completed an online self-administered food diary on four consecutive days, with mealtimes recorded in 15-minute slots. We calculated hourly and daily energy intake (DEI) and the frequency of small and large eating and drinking occasions (EDO; small: time slot >210 kJ and <15%DEI; large: >=15%DEI). We divided the acceptable energy reporters (men/women) into three regions, from South to North: Götaland (N=308/404), Svealand (N=257/355) and Norrland (N=76/114). Mixed linear models were used to account for correlations between days and adjust seasonal and regional associations for: age (categorical), day of the week (week vs weekend), education and DEI.Results: Mean DEI and EDO frequency were not significantly different between seasons, regions or their interaction; however, in weekend vs week days, DEI was significantly higher (P<0.001) by ~0.5 MJ/d, whereas EDO frequency -driven by small EDO- was significantly lower (P<0.001) by ~0.3, thereby increasing meal energy density. Up to age 55 years, time of first EDO was ~75-90 min later at the weekend; however, 15 min by 65 years. Time of first EDO was not associated with region or season; however, in women (P=0.021), time of last large EDO was earlier in Norrland, except in summer time when meals were ~60 min later, exceeding other regions. These differences were driven by weekend days.Discussion: Habitual patterns overrule seasonal and regional variation, potentially helping with daylight adaptation; however, week and weekend days were associated with different meal patterns, delaying breakfast by 1 hour and consuming higher energy dense meals. Short-term dietary assessment instruments require balanced week days to study the potential role of meal pattern irregularity for health consequences.
Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar
Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)
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Lindroos, Anna KarinThe Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala/Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
(författare)
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Warensjö-Lemming, EvaThe Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
(författare)
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Montgomery, Scott,1961-Region Örebro Län, Örebro, Sweden,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics(Swepub:oru)smy
(författare)
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Örebro universitetInstitutionen för medicinska vetenskaper
(creator_code:org_t)
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