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Near-pure vapor condensation in the Martian atmosphere : CO2 ice crystal growth

Listowski, C. (author)
Maeaettaenen, A. (author)
Riipinen, Ilona (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM)
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Montmessin, F. (author)
Lefevre, F. (author)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2013-10-11
2013
English.
In: Journal of geophysical research - planets. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9097. ; 118:10, s. 2153-2171
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • A new approach is presented to model the condensational growth of carbon dioxide (CO2) ice crystals on Mars. These condensates form in very particular conditions. First, approximate to 95% of the atmosphere is composed of CO2 so that near-pure vapor condensation takes place. Second, the atmosphere is rarefied, having dramatic consequences on the crystal growth. Indeed, the subsequently reduced efficiency of heat transport helps maintain a high temperature difference between the crystal surface and the environment, inhibiting the growth. Besides, the Stefan flow which would have been expected to increase the growth rate of the crystal, because of the near-pure vapor condensation, is negligible. We show that the heritage of the convenient and explicit linearized crystal growth rate formula used for Earth clouds, initially derived for a trace gas, has to be reconsidered in the case of near-pure vapor condensation for high saturation ratios that appear to be common in the Martian mesosphere. Nevertheless, by comparing our approach with a more complex condensation model, valid for all atmospheric conditions and all vapor abundances, we show that a very simple set of equations can still be used to efficiently reproduce the CO2 ice crystal growth rate. Our model, referred to as the CLASSIC model here, provides similar crystal growth rates than the traditionally used linearized growth rate models at low supersaturations but predicts lower crystal growth rates at high supersaturations. It can thus be used to model the condensational growth of CO2 ice crystals in the mesosphere where high supersaturations are observed.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Mars
atmosphere
carbon dioxide
near-pure vapor condensation
cloud microphysics
growth rate

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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Listowski, C.
Maeaettaenen, A.
Riipinen, Ilona
Montmessin, F.
Lefevre, F.
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NATURAL SCIENCES
NATURAL SCIENCES
and Earth and Relate ...
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Journal of geoph ...
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Stockholm University

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