Surface chemistry and diffusion of trace and alloying elements during in vacuum thermal deoxidation of stainless steel

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Surface chemistry and diffusion of trace and alloying elements during in vacuum thermal deoxidation of stainless steel

Zhu, Lin (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory

Al-Sakeeri, Ali (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory

Lenrick, Filip (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience,Annan verksamhet, LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Industriell Produktion,Institutionen för maskinvetenskaper,Institutioner vid LTH,Fysiska institutionen,Other operations, LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Production and Materials Engineering,Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Department of Physics,Faculty of Engineering, LTH

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Darselius Berg, Oskar (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,Industriell Produktion,Institutionen för maskinvetenskaper,Institutioner vid LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Production and Materials Engineering,Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Alfa Laval, Sweden

Sjödin, Per (författare): Alfa Laval, Sweden

Zakharov, Alexei (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory

Knutsson, Axel (författare): Alfa Laval, Sweden

Mikkelsen, Anders (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience,Annan verksamhet, LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Synkrotronljusfysik,Fysiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Other operations, LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Synchrotron Radiation Research,Department of Physics,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH

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2021-10-24
2021
Engelska 10 s.
Ingår i: Surface and Interface Analysis. - : Wiley. - 0142-2421 .- 1096-9918.

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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)

Abstract Ämnesord

Stäng

Removal of the native surface oxide from steel is an important initial step during vacuum brazing. Trace and alloying elements in steel, such as Mn, Si, and Ni, can diffuse to the surface and influence the deoxidation process. The detailed surface chemical composition and grain morphology of the common stainless-steel grade 316L is imaged and spectroscopically analyzed at several stages of in-vacuum annealing from room temperature up to 850°C. Measurements are performed using synchrotron-based X-ray photoemission and low-energy electron microscopy (XPEEM/LEEM). The initial native Cr surface oxide is amorphous and unaffected by the underlying Fe grain morphology. After annealing to ~700°C, the grain morphology is seen at the surface, persisting also after the complete oxygen removal at 850°C. The surface concentration of first Mn and then Si increases significantly when annealing to 500°C and 700°C, respectively, while Ni and Cr concentrations do not change. Mn and Si are not located only in grain boundaries or clusters but are distributed across over the surface. Both Mn and Si appear as oxides, while Cr oxide becomes metallic Cr. Annealing from 500°C up to 850°C leads to the removal of first the Mn and then Si oxides from the surface, while Cr and Fe are completely reduced to metals. Deoxidation of Cr occurs faster at the grain boundaries, and the final Cr metal surface content varies between the grains. The findings are summarized in a general qualitative model, relevant for austenite steels.

Ämnesord

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Materialteknik -- Metallurgi och metalliska material (hsv//swe)
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Materials Engineering -- Metallurgy and Metallic Materials (hsv//eng)
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Kemiteknik -- Korrosionsteknik (hsv//swe)
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Chemical Engineering -- Corrosion Engineering (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

annealing
deoxidation
diffusion
LEEM
microscopy
PEEM
steel alloys
surface
vacuum
XAS
XPS

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Av författaren/redakt...: Zhu, Lin; Al-Sakeeri, Ali; Lenrick, Filip; Darselius Berg, ...; Sjödin, Per; Zakharov, Alexei; visa fler...; Knutsson, Axel; Mikkelsen, Ander ...; visa färre...

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TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER: TEKNIK OCH TEKNO ...; och Materialteknik; och Metallurgi och m ...

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER: TEKNIK OCH TEKNO ...; och Kemiteknik; och Korrosionsteknik

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Av lärosätet: Lunds universitet

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