Low-dose aspartame consumption differentially affects gut microbiota-host metabolic interactions in the diet-induced obese rat

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MARC

Palmnäs, Marie,1988University of Calgary (author)

Low-dose aspartame consumption differentially affects gut microbiota-host metabolic interactions in the diet-induced obese rat

Article/chapterEnglish2014

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2014-10-14
Public Library of Science (PLoS),2014

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:b134584f-92eb-4b32-87e2-234bc00a5ae3
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109841DOI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/502985URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Aspartame consumption is implicated in the development of obesity and metabolic disease despite the intention of limiting caloric intake. The mechanisms responsible for this association remain unclear, but may involve circulating metabolites and the gut microbiota. Aims were to examine the impact of chronic low-dose aspartame consumption on anthropometric, metabolic and microbial parameters in a diet-induced obese model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into a standard chow diet (CH, 12% kcal fat) or high fat (HF, 60% kcal fat) and further into ad libitum water control (W) or low-dose aspartame (A, 5–7 mg/kg/d in drinking water) treatments for 8 week (n = 10–12 animals/treatment). Animals on aspartame consumed fewer calories, gained less weight and had a more favorable body composition when challenged with HF compared to animals consuming water. Despite this, aspartame elevated fasting glucose levels and an insulin tolerance test showed aspartame to impair insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in both CH and HF, independently of body composition. Fecal analysis of gut bacterial composition showed aspartame to increase total bacteria, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium leptum. An interaction between HF and aspartame was also observed for Roseburia ssp wherein HF-A was higher than HF-W (P<0.05). Within HF, aspartame attenuated the typical HF-induced increase in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. Serum metabolomics analysis revealed aspartame to be rapidly metabolized and to be associated with elevations in the short chain fatty acid propionate, a bacterial end product and highly gluconeogenic substrate, potentially explaining its negative affects on insulin tolerance. How aspartame influences gut microbial composition and the implications of these changes on the development of metabolic disease require further investigation.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Annan medicin och hälsovetenskap Övrig annan medicin och hälsovetenskap hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Other Medical and Health Sciences Other Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere specified hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper Cell- och molekylärbiologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine Cell and Molecular Biology hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Annan biologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Other Biological Topics hsv//eng
Artificial sweeteners
Gut microbiota
Diet-induced obesity
Aspartame
Metabolomics

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Bomhof, MarcUniversity of Calgary (author)
Reimer, RayleneUniversity of Calgary (author)
Vogel, HansUniversity of Calgary (author)
Hittel, DustinUniversity of Calgary (author)
Shearer, JaneUniversity of Calgary (author)
Cowan, TheresaUniversity of Calgary (author)
University of Calgary (creator_code:org_t)

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In:PLoS ONE: Public Library of Science (PLoS)9:101932-62031932-6203

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Other Medical an ...; and Other Medical an ...

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