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Conserved ancestral tropical niche but different continental histories explain the latitudinal diversity gradient in brush-footed butterflies

Chazot, Nicolas (author)
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Lund University,Lunds universitet,Systematisk biologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Systematic Biology Group,Lund University Research Groups,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,University of Gothenburg
Condamine, Fabien L. (author)
University of Montpellier
Dudas, Gytis (author)
Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre
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Peña, Carlos (author)
Museo de Historia Natural, Lima,University of New Orleans
Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa (author)
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram
Matos-Maraví, Pável (author)
Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre
Aduse-Poku, Kwaku (author)
Perimeter College
Elias, Marianne (author)
Paris-Sorbonne University
Warren, Andrew D. (author)
University of Florida
Lohman, David J. (author)
City College of New York
Penz, Carla M. (author)
DeVries, Phil (author)
University of New Orleans
Fric, Zdenek F. (author)
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Nylin, Sören (author)
Stockholm University,Stockholms universitet,Zoologiska institutionen
Müller, Chris (author)
Australian Museum
Kawahara, Akito Y. (author)
University of Florida
Silva-Brandão, Karina L. (author)
University of Campinas
Lamas, Gerardo (author)
Museo de Historia Natural, Lima
Kleckova, Irena (author)
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Zubek, Anna (author)
Jagiellonian University
Ortiz-Acevedo, Elena (author)
University of Florida
Vila, Roger (author)
Institute of Evolutionary Biology
Vane-Wright, Richard (author)
Natural History Museum, London
Mullen, Sean P. (author)
Boston University
Jiggins, Chris D. (author)
University of Cambridge
Wheat, Christopher W. (author)
Stockholm University,Stockholms universitet,Zoologiska institutionen
Freitas, Andre V. L. (author)
University of Campinas
Wahlberg, Niklas (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Systematisk biologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Systematic Biology Group,Lund University Research Groups
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 (creator_code:org_t)
 
2021-09-29
2021
English.
In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • The global increase in species richness toward the tropics across continents and taxonomic groups, referred to as the latitudinal diversity gradient, stimulated the formulation of many hypotheses to explain the underlying mechanisms of this pattern. We evaluate several of these hypotheses to explain spatial diversity patterns in a butterfly family, the Nymphalidae, by assessing the contributions of speciation, extinction, and dispersal, and also the extent to which these processes differ among regions at the same latitude. We generate a time-calibrated phylogeny containing 2,866 nymphalid species (~45% of extant diversity). Neither speciation nor extinction rate variations consistently explain the latitudinal diversity gradient among regions because temporal diversification dynamics differ greatly across longitude. The Neotropical diversity results from low extinction rates, not high speciation rates, and biotic interchanges with other regions are rare. Southeast Asia is also characterized by a low speciation rate but, unlike the Neotropics, is the main source of dispersal events through time. Our results suggest that global climate change throughout the Cenozoic, combined with tropical niche conservatism, played a major role in generating the modern latitudinal diversity gradient of nymphalid butterflies.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Evolutionsbiologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Evolutionary Biology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Ekologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Ecology (hsv//eng)

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