Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group.

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Hilbert, Kevin (author)

Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group.

Article/chapterEnglish2024

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2024

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/338948
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/338948URI
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230032DOI

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Language:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Specific phobia is a common anxiety disorder, but the literature on associated brain structure alterations exhibits substantial gaps. The ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group examined brain structure differences between individuals with specific phobias and healthy control subjects as well as between the animal and blood-injection-injury (BII) subtypes of specific phobia. Additionally, the authors investigated associations of brain structure with symptom severity and age (youths vs. adults).Data sets from 31 original studies were combined to create a final sample with 1,452 participants with phobia and 2,991 healthy participants (62.7% female; ages 5-90). Imaging processing and quality control were performed using established ENIGMA protocols. Subcortical volumes as well as cortical surface area and thickness were examined in a preregistered analysis.Compared with the healthy control group, the phobia group showed mostly smaller subcortical volumes, mixed surface differences, and larger cortical thickness across a substantial number of regions. The phobia subgroups also showed differences, including, as hypothesized, larger medial orbitofrontal cortex thickness in BII phobia (N=182) compared with animal phobia (N=739). All findings were driven by adult participants; no significant results were observed in children and adolescents.Brain alterations associated with specific phobia exceeded those of other anxiety disorders in comparable analyses in extent and effect size and were not limited to reductions in brain structure. Moreover, phenomenological differences between phobia subgroups were reflected in diverging neural underpinnings, including brain areas related to fear processing and higher cognitive processes. The findings implicate brain structure alterations in specific phobia, although subcortical alterations in particular may also relate to broader internalizing psychopathology.

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Boeken, Ole Jonas (author)
Langhammer, Till (author)
Groenewold, Nynke A (author)
Bas-Hoogendam, Janna Marie (author)
Aghajani, Moji (author)
Zugman, André (author)
Åhs, Fredrik (author)
Arolt, Volker (author)
Beesdo-Baum, Katja (author)
Björkstrand, Johannes (author)
Blackford, Jennifer U (author)
Blanco-Hinojo, Laura (author)
Böhnlein, Joscha (author)
Bülow, Robin (author)
Cano, Marta (author)
Cardoner, Narcis (author)
Caseras, Xavier (author)
Dannlowski, Udo (author)
Domschke, Katharina (author)
Fehm, Lydia (author)
Feola, Brandee (author)
Fredrikson, Mats (author)
Goossens, Liesbet (author)
Grabe, Hans J (author)
Grotegerd, Dominik (author)
Gur, Raquel E (author)
Hamm, Alfons O (author)
Harrewijn, Anita (author)
Heinig, Ingmar (author)
Herrmann, Martin J (author)
Hofmann, David (author)
Jackowski, Andrea P (author)
Jansen, Andreas (author)
Kaczkurkin, Antonia N (author)
Kindt, Merel (author)
Kingsley, Ellen N (author)
Kircher, Tilo (author)
Klahn, LuisaGothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för psykiatri och neurokemi,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry(Swepub:gu)xklalu (author)
Koelkebeck, Katja (author)
Krug, Axel (author)
Kugel, Harald (author)
Larsen, Bart (author)
Leehr, Elisabeth J (author)
Leonhardt, Lieselotte (author)
Lotze, Martin (author)
Margraf, Jürgen (author)
Michałowski, Jarosław (author)
Muehlhan, Markus (author)
Nenadić, Igor (author)
Pan, Pedro M (author)
Pauli, Paul (author)
Peñate, Wenceslao (author)
Pittig, Andre (author)
Plag, Jens (author)
Pujol, Jesus (author)
Richter, Jan (author)
Rivero, Francisco L (author)
Salum, Giovanni A (author)
Satterthwaite, Theodore D (author)
Schäfer, Axel (author)
Schäfer, Judith (author)
Schienle, Anne (author)
Schneider, Silvia (author)
Schrammen, Elisabeth (author)
Schruers, Koen (author)
Schulz, Stefan M (author)
Seidl, Esther (author)
Stark, Rudolf M (author)
Stein, Frederike (author)
Straube, Benjamin (author)
Straube, Thomas (author)
Ströhle, Andreas (author)
Suchan, Boris (author)
Thomopoulos, Sophia I (author)
Ventura-Bort, Carlos (author)
Visser, Renee (author)
Völzke, Henry (author)
Wabnegger, Albert (author)
Wannemüller, André (author)
Wendt, Julia (author)
Wiemer, Julian (author)
Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich (author)
Wittfeld, Katharina (author)
Wright, Barry (author)
Yang, Yunbo (author)
Zilverstand, Anna (author)
Zwanzger, Peter (author)
Veltman, Dick J (author)
Winkler, Anderson M (author)
Pine, Daniel S (author)
Jahanshad, Neda (author)
Thompson, Paul M (author)
Stein, Dan J (author)
Van der Wee, Nic J A (author)
Lueken, Ulrike (author)
Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för psykiatri och neurokemi (creator_code:org_t)

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By the author/editor: Hilbert, Kevin; Boeken, Ole Jona ...; Langhammer, Till; Groenewold, Nynk ...; Bas-Hoogendam, J ...; Aghajani, Moji; show more...; Zugman, André; Åhs, Fredrik; Arolt, Volker; Beesdo-Baum, Kat ...; Björkstrand, Joh ...; Blackford, Jenni ...; Blanco-Hinojo, L ...; Böhnlein, Joscha; Bülow, Robin; Cano, Marta; Cardoner, Narcis; Caseras, Xavier; Dannlowski, Udo; Domschke, Kathar ...; Fehm, Lydia; Feola, Brandee; Fredrikson, Mats; Goossens, Liesbe ...; Grabe, Hans J; Grotegerd, Domin ...; Gur, Raquel E; Hamm, Alfons O; Harrewijn, Anita; Heinig, Ingmar; Herrmann, Martin ...; Hofmann, David; Jackowski, Andre ...; Jansen, Andreas; Kaczkurkin, Anto ...; Kindt, Merel; Kingsley, Ellen ...; Kircher, Tilo; Klahn, Luisa; Koelkebeck, Katj ...; Krug, Axel; Kugel, Harald; Larsen, Bart; Leehr, Elisabeth ...; Leonhardt, Liese ...; Lotze, Martin; Margraf, Jürgen; Michałowski, Jar ...; Muehlhan, Markus; Nenadić, Igor; Pan, Pedro M; Pauli, Paul; Peñate, Wencesla ...; Pittig, Andre; Plag, Jens; Pujol, Jesus; Richter, Jan; Rivero, Francisc ...; Salum, Giovanni ...; Satterthwaite, T ...; Schäfer, Axel; Schäfer, Judith; Schienle, Anne; Schneider, Silvi ...; Schrammen, Elisa ...; Schruers, Koen; Schulz, Stefan M; Seidl, Esther; Stark, Rudolf M; Stein, Frederike; Straube, Benjami ...; Straube, Thomas; Ströhle, Andreas; Suchan, Boris; Thomopoulos, Sop ...; Ventura-Bort, Ca ...; Visser, Renee; Völzke, Henry; Wabnegger, Alber ...; Wannemüller, And ...; Wendt, Julia; Wiemer, Julian; Wittchen, Hans-U ...; Wittfeld, Kathar ...; Wright, Barry; Yang, Yunbo; Zilverstand, Ann ...; Zwanzger, Peter; Veltman, Dick J; Winkler, Anderso ...; Pine, Daniel S; Jahanshad, Neda; Thompson, Paul M; Stein, Dan J; Van der Wee, Nic ...; Lueken, Ulrike; show less...

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Psychiatry

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Basic Medicine; and Neurosciences

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