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New weldable 316L s...
New weldable 316L stainless flux-cored wires with reduced Cr(VI) fume emissions : part 1—health aspects of particle composition and release of metals
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Westin, E. M. (author)
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- McCarrick, S. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet
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Laundry-Mottiar, L. (author)
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- Wei, Zheng (author)
- KTH,Yt- och korrosionsvetenskap
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Biesinger, M. C. (author)
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Barker, I. (author)
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Wagner, R. (author)
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Persson, K. -A (author)
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Trydell, K. (author)
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- Odnevall Wallinder, Inger, 1965- (author)
- KTH,Yt- och korrosionsvetenskap
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- Karlsson, H. L. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Hedberg, Yolanda, Docent, 1985- (author)
- KTH,Yt- och korrosionsvetenskap
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-10-16
- 2021
- English.
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In: Welding in the World. - : Springer Nature. - 0043-2288 .- 1878-6669. ; 65:12, s. 2319-2337
- Related links:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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http://kipublication...
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- Welding fumes have been found to be carcinogenic and stainless steel welders may be at higher risk due to increased formation of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The slag-shielded methods, identified to generate most airborne particles and Cr(VI), would potentially be most harmful. With ever-stricter limits set to protect workers, measures to minimize human exposure become crucial. Austenitic stainless steel flux-cored wires of 316L type have been developed with the aim to reduce the toxicity of the welding fume without compromised usability. Collected particles were compared with fumes formed using solid, metal-cored, and standard flux-cored wires. The size, morphology, and composition were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Total metal concentrations and released amounts of metals (Cr, Cr(VI), Ni, Mn, Fe) were investigated after complete digestion in aqua regia and after incubation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) by means of flame furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), and UV–vis spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of the particles was assessed with the Alamar blue assay for cell viability using cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-3kt). The findings correlate well with previous in vitro toxicity studies for standard and experimental wires. The new optimized 316L-type flux-cored wires showed improved weldability and generated less Cr(VI) in wt.-% than with solid wire. The respirable particles were confirmed to be less acute toxic in HBEC-3kt cells as compared to standard flux-cored wires. The highest cell viability (survival rate) was observed for the metal-cored wire.
Subject headings
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Materialteknik -- Bearbetnings-, yt- och fogningsteknik (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Materials Engineering -- Manufacturing, Surface and Joining Technology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Austenitic stainless steel
- Cr(VI)
- Cytotoxicity
- Flux-cored wire
- Hexavalent chromium
- Manganese
- Metal release
- Metal-cored wire
- Nanoparticles
- Solid wire
- Welding fumes
- Absorption spectroscopy
- Atomic absorption spectrometry
- Cells
- Chromium compounds
- Cytology
- Energy dispersive spectroscopy
- Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
- Metal nanoparticles
- Slags
- Toxicity
- Wire
- X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- 316L
- Cell viability
- Fume emissions
- Metal cored wires
- Metals release
- Solid wires
- Scanning electron microscopy
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Westin, E. M.
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McCarrick, S.
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Laundry-Mottiar, ...
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Wei, Zheng
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Biesinger, M. C.
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Barker, I.
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show more...
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Wagner, R.
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Persson, K. -A
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Trydell, K.
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Odnevall Wallind ...
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Karlsson, H. L.
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Hedberg, Yolanda ...
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show less...
- About the subject
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- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
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ENGINEERING AND ...
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and Materials Engine ...
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and Manufacturing Su ...
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Welding in the W ...
- By the university
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Royal Institute of Technology
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Karolinska Institutet