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A Large Fraction of Hydrogen-rich Supernova Progenitors Experience Elevated Mass Loss Shortly Prior to Explosion

Bruch, Rachel J. (author)
Gal-Yam, Avishay (author)
Schulze, Steve (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC),Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
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Yaron, Ofer (author)
Yang, Yi (author)
Soumagnac, Maayane (author)
Rigault, Mickael (author)
Strotjohann, Nora L. (author)
Ofek, Eran (author)
Sollerman, Jesper (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC)
Masci, Frank J. (author)
Barbarino, Cristina (author)
Ho, Anna Y. Q. (author)
Fremling, Christoffer (author)
Perley, Daniel (author)
Nordin, Jakob (author)
Cenko, S. Bradley (author)
Adams, S. (author)
Adreoni, Igor (author)
Bellm, Eric C. (author)
Blagorodnova, Nadia (author)
Bulla, Mattia (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC)
Burdge, Kevin (author)
De, Kishalay (author)
Dhawan, Suhail (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC)
Drake, Andrew J. (author)
Duev, Dmitry A. (author)
Dugas, Alison (author)
Graham, Matthew (author)
Graham, Melissa L. (author)
Irani, Ido (author)
Jencson, Jacob (author)
Karamehmetoglu, Emir (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC),Aarhus University, Denmark
Kasliwal, Mansi (author)
Kim, Young-Lo (author)
Kulkarni, Shrinivas (author)
Kupfer, Thomas (author)
Liang, Jingyi (author)
Mahabal, Ashish (author)
Miller, A. A. (author)
Prince, Thomas A. (author)
Riddle, Reed (author)
Sharma, Y. (author)
Smith, Roger (author)
Taddia, Francesco (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC),Aarhus University, Denmark
Taggart, Kirsty (author)
Walters, Richard (author)
Yan, Lin (author)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2021-05-04
2021
English.
In: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 912:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Spectroscopic detection of narrow emission lines traces the presence of circumstellar mass distributions around massive stars exploding as core-collapse supernovae. Transient emission lines disappearing shortly after the supernova explosion suggest that the material spatial extent is compact and implies an increased mass loss shortly prior to explosion. Here, we present a systematic survey for such transient emission lines (Flash Spectroscopy) among Type II supernovae detected in the first year of the Zwicky Transient Facility survey. We find that at least six out of ten events for which a spectrum was obtained within two days of the estimated explosion time show evidence for such transient flash lines. Our measured flash event fraction (>30% at 95% confidence level) indicates that elevated mass loss is a common process occurring in massive stars that are about to explode as supernovae.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences (hsv//eng)

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