Setting of Zn-Cu-Au-Ag massive sulfide deposits in the evolution and facies architecture of a 1.9 Ga marine volcanic arc: Skellefte district, Sweden

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Fältnamn	Indikatorer	Metadata
000		05752naa a2200421 4500
001		oai:DiVA.org:ltu-2637
003		SwePub
008		160929s1996 \| \|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|000 \|\|eng\|
009		oai:DiVA.org:uu-327735
024	7	a https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26372 URI
024	7	a https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.91.6.10222 DOI
024	7	a https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3277352 URI
040		a (SwePub)ltud (SwePub)uu
041		a engb eng
042		9 SwePub
072	7	a ref2 swepub-contenttype
072	7	a art2 swepub-publicationtype
100	1	a Allen, Rodneyu Volcanic Resources Ltd, Stavanger4 aut0 (Swepub:ltu)rodall
245	1 0	a Setting of Zn-Cu-Au-Ag massive sulfide deposits in the evolution and facies architecture of a 1.9 Ga marine volcanic arc :b Skellefte district, Sweden
264		c 1996-10-01
264	1	b Society of Economic Geologists,c 1996
338		a electronic2 rdacarrier
500		a Upprättat; 1996; 20070427 (bajo)
520		a Skellefte mining district occurs in an Early Proterozoic, mainly 1.90-1.87 Ga (Svecofennian) magmatic province of low to medium metamorphic grade in the Baltic Shield in northern Sweden. The district contains over 85 pyritic Zn-Cu-Au-Ag massive sulfide deposits and a few vein Au deposits and subeconomic porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposits, The massive sulfide deposits mainly occur within, and especially along the top of: a regional felsic-dominant volcanic unit attributed to a stage of intense, extensional, continental margin are volcanism. From facies analysis we interpret the paleogeography of this stage to have comprised many scattered islands and shallow-water areas. surrounded by deeper seas. All the major massive sulfide ores occur in below-wave base facies associations: however, some ores occur close to stratigraphic intervals of above-wave base facies associations, and the summits of some volcanoes that host massive sulfides emerged above sea level. Intense marine volcanism was superceded at different times in different parts of tile district by a stage of reduced volcanism, uplift resulting in subregional disconformities, and then differential uplift and subsidence resulting in a complex horst and graben paleogeography. Uplift of the are is attributed to the relaxation of crustal extension and the emplacement of granitoids to shallow crustal levels. A few massive sulfide ores formed within the basal strata of this second stage. The horst and graben system was filled by prograding fluvial-deltaic sediments and mainly mafic lavas, and during this stage the Skellefte district was a transitional area between renewed are volcanism of more continental character to the north, and subsidence and basinal mudstone-turbidite sedimentation to the south. This whole volcanotectonic cycle occurred within 10 to 15 m.y. We define 26 main volcanic, sedimentary, and intrusive facies in the Skellefte district. The most abundant facies are (1) normal-graded pumiceous breccias, which are interpreted as syneruptive subaqueous mass flow units of pyroclastic debris, (2) porphyritic intrusions, and (3) mudstone and sandstone turbidites. Facies associations define seven main volcano types, which range from basaltic shields to andesite cones and rhyolite calderas. Despite this diversity of volcano types, most massive sulfide ol es are associated with one volcano type: subaqueous rhyolite cryptodome-tuff volcanoes. These rhyolite volcanoes are 2 to 10 km in diameter, 250 to 1,200 m thick at the center, and are characterized by a small to moderate volume rhyolitic pyroclastic unit, intruded by rhyolite cryptodomes, sills, and dikes. Massive sulfide ores occur near the top of the proximal (near vent) facies association The remarkable coincidence in space and time between the ores and this volcano type indicates an intimate, genetic relationship between the ores and the magmatic evolution of the volcanoes.Many of the massive sulfide ores occur within rapidly emplaced volcaniclastic facies and are interpreted to have formed by infiltration and replacement of these facies. Some of the ore deposits have characteristics of both marine massive sulfides and subaerial epithelial deposits. We suggest that massive sulfides in the Skellefte district span a range in ore deposit style from deep-water sea floor ores, to subsea-floor replacements, to shallow-water and possible subaerial synvolcanic replacements. Facies models are provided for the mineralized rhyolite volcanoes and volcanological guides are provided for exploration for blind ores within these volcanoes.
650	7	a NATURVETENSKAPx Geovetenskap och miljövetenskapx Geologi0 (SwePub)105042 hsv//swe
650	7	a NATURAL SCIENCESx Earth and Related Environmental Sciencesx Geology0 (SwePub)105042 hsv//eng
653		a Malmgeologi
653		a Ore Geology
700	1	a Weihed, Päru Geological Survey of Sweden4 aut0 (Swepub:uu)parwe420
700	1	a Svensson, S. Å.u Boliden AB4 aut
710	2	a Volcanic Resources Ltd, Stavangerb Geological Survey of Sweden4 org
773	0	t Economic geology and the bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologistsd : Society of Economic Geologistsg 91:6, s. 1022-1053q 91:6<1022-1053x 0361-0128x 1554-0774
856	4	u https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:975490/FULLTEXT01.pdfx primaryx Raw objecty fulltext:print
856	4	u http://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:975490/FULLTEXT01
856	4	u http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:975490/FULLTEXT01.pdfx primaryy Fulltext
856	4 8	u https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-2637
856	4 8	u https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.91.6.1022
856	4 8	u https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327735

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Av författaren/redakt...: Allen, Rodney; Weihed, Pär; Svensson, S. Å.

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