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Activated protein C cofactor function of protein S: a novel role for a gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residue
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- Ahnström, Josefin (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Klinisk kemi, Malmö,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Clinical Chemistry, Malmö,Lund University Research Groups
- Andersson, Helena (author)
- Canis, Kevin (author)
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- Yu, Yao (author)
- Panico, Maria (author)
- Morris, Howard R. (author)
- Crawley, James T. B. (author)
- Lane, David A. (author)
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- (creator_code:org_t)
- American Society of Hematology, 2011
- 2011
- English.
- In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 117:24, s. 6685-6693
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
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- Protein S has an important anticoagulant function by acting as a cofactor for activated protein C (APC). We recently reported that the EGF1 domain residue Asp95 is critical for APC cofactor function. In the present study, we examined whether additional interaction sites within the Gla domain of protein S might contribute to its APC cofactor function. We examined 4 residues, composing the previously reported "Face1" (N33S/P35T/E36A/Y39V) variant, as single point substitutions. Of these protein S variants, protein S E36A was found to be almost completely inactive using calibrated automated thrombography. In factor Va inactivation assays, protein S E36A had 89% reduced cofactor activity compared with wild-type protein S and was almost completely inactive in factor VIIIa inactivation; phospholipid binding was, however, normal. Glu36 lies outside the omega-loop that mediates Ca2+-dependent phospholipid binding. Using mass spectrometry, it was nevertheless confirmed that Glu36 is gamma-carboxylated. Our finding that Gla36 is important for APC cofactor function, but not for phospholipid binding, defines a novel function (other than Ca2+ coordination/phospholipid binding) for a Gla residue in vitamin K-dependent proteins. It also suggests that residues within the Gla and EGF1 domains of protein S act cooperatively for its APC cofactor function. (Blood. 2011;117(24):6685-6693)
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Hematologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Hematology (hsv//eng)
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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