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Dosing the Coast: Leaking Sewage Infrastructure Delivers Large Annual Doses and Dynamic Mixtures of Pharmaceuticals to Urban Rivers
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- Fork, Megan L. (författare)
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 2801 Sharon Turnpike AB, NY, Millbrook, United States
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- Fick, Jerker B. (författare)
- Umeå universitet,Kemiska institutionen,EcoChange
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- Reisinger, Alexander J. (författare)
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, United States
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- (creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-08-18
- 2021
- Engelska.
- Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 55:17, s. 11637-11645
- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Pharmaceuticals are commonly detected at low concentrations in surface waters, where they disrupt biological and ecological processes. Despite their ubiquity, the annual mass of pharmaceuticals exported from watersheds is rarely quantified. We used liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy to screen for 92 pharmaceuticals in weekly samples from an urban stream network in Baltimore, MD, USA, that lacks wastewater treatment effluents. Across the network, we detected 37 unique compounds, with higher concentrations and more compounds in streams with higher population densities. We also used concentrations and stream discharge to calculate annual pharmaceutical loads at the watershed outlet, which range from less than 1 kg to μ15 kg and are equivalent to tens of thousands of human doses. By calculating annual watershed mass balances for eight compounds, we show that μ0.05 to μ42% of the pharmaceuticals consumed by humans in this watershed are released to surface waters, with the importance of different pathways (leaking sewage vs treated wastewater effluent) differing among compounds. These results demonstrate the importance of developing, maintaining, and improving sewage infrastructure to protect water resources from pharmaceutical contamination.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Analytisk kemi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Analytical Chemistry (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- budget
- emerging contaminants
- flux
- mass balance
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- Fork, Megan L.
- Fick, Jerker B.
- Reisinger, Alexa ...
- Rosi, Emma J.
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