WFRF:(Nilsonne G.)
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A formal model accounting for measurement reliability shows attenuated effect of higher education on intelligence in longitudinal data
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- Eriksson, Kimmo, 1967- (author)
- Mälardalens universitet,Utbildningsvetenskap och Matematik,Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden
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- Sorjonen, K. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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- Falkstedt, D. (author)
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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- Royal Society Publishing, 2024
- 2024
- English.
- In: Royal Society Open Science. - : Royal Society Publishing. - 2054-5703. ; 11:5
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- The effect of higher education on intelligence has been examined using longitudinal data. Typically, these studies reveal a positive effect, approximately 1 IQ point per year of higher education, particularly when pre-education intelligence is considered as a covariate in the analyses. However, such covariate adjustment is known to yield positively biased results if the covariate has measurement errors and is correlated with the predictor. Simultaneously, a negative bias may emerge if the intelligence measure after higher education has non-classical measurement errors as in data from the 1970 British Cohort Study that were used in a previous study of the effect of higher education. In response, we have devised an estimation method that used iterated simulations to account for both classical measurement errors in the covariate and non-classical errors in the dependent variable. Upon applying this method in a reanalysis of the data from the 1970 British Cohort Study, we find that the estimated effect of higher education diminishes to 0.4 IQ points per year. Additionally, our findings suggest that the impact of higher education is somewhat more pronounced in the initial 2 years of higher education, aligning with the notion of diminishing marginal cognitive benefits.
Subject headings
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Utbildningsvetenskap (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Educational Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- ceiling effect
- education
- intelligence
- mathematical model
- reliability
- simulation
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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