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Ancient genomics of...
Ancient genomics of Baltic seals : Insights on the past Baltic grey seal and harp seal populations
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- Bro-Jørgensen, Maiken Hemme, 1990- (författare)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur
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- Lidén, Kerstin, Professor (preses)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur
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- Olsen, Morten Tange, Assistant Professor (preses)
- Section for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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- Glykou, Aikaterini, Dr. (preses)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur
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- Karlsson, Olle, Dr. (opponent)
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring
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(creator_code:org_t)
- ISBN 9789179113964
- Stockholm : Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, 2021
- Engelska 70 s.
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- This thesis aims to study and describe the ancient populations of grey and harp seals in the Baltic Sea, and to present new methodological approaches for general use in ancient DNA studies.The dissertation is comprised of five studies: a review of the use of paleogenetics in studying ancient human-marine mammal interactions; a method paper investigating patterns of DNA preservation in ancient pinniped samples; a method paper presenting a genetic sex identification method for ancient pinnipeds; a population genomic study of the Baltic grey seal; and a population genomic study of the now extinct Baltic harp seal.Guidelines for ancient DNA sample selections were deduced from broad-scale statistical modelling of factors influencing DNA preservation in pinniped bones, the most significant of which included type of bone element, collagen content, and whether the bone derive from a cave context. Modern ringed seal samples with known sex were used to test an alternative pinniped sex identification method using the annotated dog genome as a reference for quantification of the relative representation of X chromosome reads. Reliable sex identification was shown to require a minimum of 5,000 total reads mapped to the reference genome. A total of 69 mitochondrial control regions were generated for Baltic grey seals, which revealed that the Mesolithic data largely represent extinct haplotypes, the main of which continued until the Early Neolithic. A population replacement prior to the early Bronze Age introduced mitochondrial variation resembling that of modern Baltic greys seals. The level of genetic differentiation between the Baltic harp seal population and the three contemporary breeding populations, suggests that the White Sea population is the most likely ancestor of the Baltic harp seal breeding population. An increase in genetic diversity, following a hiatus with no Baltic harp seals, combined with the measures of genetic differentiation from this period, further suggests that a second colonization likely occurred from the White Sea during the early Bronze Age.
Ämnesord
- HUMANIORA -- Historia och arkeologi (hsv//swe)
- HUMANITIES -- History and Archaeology (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Ancient DNA
- Baltic Sea
- DNA preservation
- extinction
- mitogenome
- seal hunting
- sex identification
- arkeologi med inriktning mot laborativ arkeologi
- Scientific Archaeology
Publikations- och innehållstyp
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