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  • Valtakari, Niilo V.Utrecht University (author)

A field test of computer-vision-based gaze estimation in psychology

  • Article/chapterEnglish2024

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • Springer,2024
  • electronicrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-501068
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-501068URI
  • https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02125-1DOI
  • http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:152608451URI
  • https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/78901393-1f2f-46b0-8f68-5f0ccc656f33URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

Part of subdatabase

Classification

  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Computer-vision-based gaze estimation refers to techniques that estimate gaze direction directly from video recordings of the eyes or face without the need for an eye tracker. Although many such methods exist, their validation is often found in the technical literature (e.g., computer science conference papers). We aimed to (1) identify which computer-vision-based gaze estimation methods are usable by the average researcher in fields such as psychology or education, and (2) evaluate these methods. We searched for methods that do not require calibration and have clear documentation. Two toolkits, OpenFace and OpenGaze, were found to fulfill these criteria. First, we present an experiment where adult participants fixated on nine stimulus points on a computer screen. We filmed their face with a camera and processed the recorded videos with OpenFace and OpenGaze. We conclude that OpenGaze is accurate and precise enough to be used in screen-based experiments with stimuli separated by at least 11 degrees of gaze angle. OpenFace was not sufficiently accurate for such situations but can potentially be used in sparser environments. We then examined whether OpenFace could be used with horizontally separated stimuli in a sparse environment with infant participants. We compared dwell measures based on OpenFace estimates to the same measures based on manual coding. We conclude that OpenFace gaze estimates may potentially be used with measures such as relative total dwell time to sparse, horizontally separated areas of interest, but should not be used to draw conclusions about measures such as dwell duration.

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Hessels, Roy S.Utrecht University (author)
  • Niehorster, Diederick CLund University,Lunds universitet,Humanistlaboratoriet,Fakultetsgemensamma verksamheter,Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna,Institutionen för psykologi,Samhällsvetenskapliga institutioner och centrumbildningar,Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten,Lund University Humanities Lab,Units,Joint Faculties of Humanities and Theology,Department of Psychology,Departments of Administrative, Economic and Social Sciences,Faculty of Social Sciences(Swepub:lu)huml-dkn (author)
  • Viktorsson, CharlotteUppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Uppsala University Hospital(Swepub:uu)chavi277 (author)
  • Nyström, Pär,1975-Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Uppsala University Hospital(Swepub:uu)panys031 (author)
  • Falck-Ytter, TerjeKarolinska Institutet,Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Uppsala University Hospital(Swepub:uu)terfa327 (author)
  • Kemner, ChantalUtrecht University (author)
  • Hooge, Ignace T CUtrecht University(Swepub:lu)ig6881ho (author)
  • Utrecht UniversityHumanistlaboratoriet (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Behavior Research Methods: Springer56:3, s. 1900-19151554-351X1554-3528

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