The effects of exposure to HIV in neonates at a referral hospital in South Africa

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The effects of exposure to HIV in neonates at a referral hospital in South Africa

Mellqvist, Helena (författare): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för pediatrik,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics

Saggers, R. T. (författare)

Elfvin, Anders, 1971 (författare): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för pediatrik,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics

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Hentz, Elisabet (författare): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för pediatrik,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics

Ballot, D. E. (författare)

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2021-11-03
2021
Engelska.
Ingår i: Bmc Pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2431. ; 21:1

Relaterad länk:: https://bmcpediatr.b...; visa fler...; https://gup.ub.gu.se...; https://doi.org/10.1...; visa färre...

Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)

Abstract Ämnesord

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Background Fewer infants are infected with HIV through mother-to-child transmission, making HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants a growing population. HIV-exposure seems to affect immunology, early growth and development, and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is a lack of information regarding the clinical effects of HIV-exposure during the neonatal period. Objectives To identify a possible difference in mortality and common neonatal morbidities in HEU neonates compared to HIV-unexposed neonates. Methods This was a retrospective, descriptive study of all neonates admitted to the neonatal unit at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. HEU neonates were compared to HIV-unexposed neonates. Results There were 3236 neonates included, where 855 neonates were HEU. The HEU neonates had significantly lower birth weight and gestational age. The HEU neonates had higher rates of neonatal sepsis (19.8% vs 14.2%, OR 1.49, p < 0.001), specifically for late onset sepsis, and required more respiratory support. NCPAP and invasive ventilation was more common in the HEU group (36.3% vs 31.3% required NCPAP, p = 0.008, and 20.1% vs 15,0% required invasive ventilation, p < 0.001). Chronic lung disease was more common among HIV-exposed neonates (12.2% vs 8.7%, OR 1.46, p = 0.003). The difference in mortality rates between the study groups was not significant (10.8% of HEU neonates and 13.3% of HIV-unexposed). Conclusions HEU neonates had higher rates of neonatal sepsis, particularly late-onset sepsis, required more respiratory support and had higher rates of chronic lung disease. Mortality of HEU neonates was not different HIV-unexposed neonates.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Pediatrik (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Pediatrics (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Infektionsmedicin (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Infectious Medicine (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

HIV-exposed neonate
HIV-exposed uninfected
HIV-unexposed neonate
HIV
positive mother
Neonatal mortality
Neonatal morbidity
Low and
middle-income countries
South Africa
uninfected children
antiretroviral therapy
pooled analysis
mortality
transmission
morbidity
infection
infants
survival
outcomes
Pediatrics

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Av författaren/redakt...: Mellqvist, Helen ...; Saggers, R. T.; Elfvin, Anders, ...; Hentz, Elisabet; Ballot, D. E.

Om ämnet

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Klinisk medicin; och Pediatrik

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Klinisk medicin; och Infektionsmedici ...

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Av lärosätet: Göteborgs universitet

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