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Spontaneous eye movements and trait empathy predict vicarious learning of fear
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- Kleberg, Johan L. (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Psychol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden.
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- Selbing, Ida (author)
- Karolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Psychol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden.
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- Lundqvist, Daniel (author)
- Karolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Psychol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden.
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- (creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2015
- 2015
- English.
- In: International Journal of Psychophysiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8760 .- 1872-7697. ; 98:3, s. 577-583
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- Learning to predict dangerous outcomes is important to survival. In humans, this kind of learning is often transmitted through the observation of others' emotional responses. We analyzed eye movements during an observational/vicarious fear learning procedure, in which healthy participants (N = 33) watched another individual (learning model') receiving aversive treatment (shocks) paired with a predictive conditioned stimulus (CS +), but not a control stimulus (CS). Participants' gaze pattern towards the model differentiated as a function of whether the CS was predictive or not of a shock to the model. Consistent with our hypothesis that the face of a conspecific in distress can act as an unconditioned stimulus (US), we found that the total fixation time at a learning model's face increased when the CS + was shown. Furthermore, we found that the total fixation time at the CS + during learning predicted participants' conditioned responses (CRs) at a later test in the absence of the model. We also demonstrated that trait empathy was associated with stronger CRs, and that autistic traits were positively related to autonomic reactions to watching the model receiving the aversive treatment Our results have implications for both healthy and dysfunctional sodo-emotional learning.
Subject headings
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Vicarious fear learning
- Empathy
- Skin conductance
- Eye movements
- Fear conditioning
- Social learning
- Autism
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- SOCIAL SCIENCES
- SOCIAL SCIENCES
- and Psychology
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