Reduced immune responsiveness contributes to winter energy conservation in an Arctic bird

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Reduced immune responsiveness contributes to winter energy conservation in an Arctic bird

Nord, Andreas (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,Evolutionär ekologi,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Evolutionary ecology,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,University of Glasgow,UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø

Hegemann, Arne (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,Enhet akvatisk ekologi,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Evolutionär ekologi,Division aquatic ecology,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,Evolutionary ecology

Folkow, Lars P. (författare): UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø

(creator_code:org_t)

2020-04-27
2020
Engelska 11 s.
Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Biology. - : The Company of Biologists. - 1477-9145 .- 0022-0949. ; 223:8

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Abstract Ämnesord

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Animals in seasonal environments must prudently manage energyexpenditure to survive the winter. This may be achieved throughreductions in the allocation of energy for various purposes (e.g.thermoregulation, locomotion, etc.). We studied whether such tradeoffsalso include suppression of the innate immune response, bysubjecting captive male Svalbard ptarmigan (Lagopus mutahyperborea) to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during exposureto either mild temperature (0°C) or cold snaps (acute exposure to−20°C), in constant winter darkness when birds were in energyconservingmode, and in constant daylight in spring. The innateimmune response was mostly unaffected by temperature. However,energy expenditure was below baseline when birds were immunechallenged in winter, but significantly above baseline in spring. Thissuggests that the energetic component of the innate immuneresponse was reduced in winter, possibly contributing to energyconservation. Immunological parameters decreased (agglutination,lysis, bacteriostatic capacity) or did not change (haptoglobin/PIT54)after the challenge, and behavioural modifications (anorexia, massloss) were lengthy (9 days). While we did not study the mechanismsexplaining these weak, or slow, responses, it is tempting to speculatethey may reflect the consequences of having evolved in anenvironment where pathogen transmission rate is presumably lowfor most of the year. This is an important consideration if climatechange and increased exploitation of the Arctic would alter pathogencommunities at a pace outwith counter-adaption in wildlife.

Animals in seasonal environments must prudently manage energyexpenditure to survive the winter. This may be achieved throughreductions in the allocation of energy for various purposes (e.g.thermoregulation, locomotion, etc.). We studied whether such tradeoffsalso include suppression of the innate immune response, bysubjecting captive male Svalbard ptarmigan (Lagopus mutahyperborea) to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during exposureto either mild temperature (0°C) or cold snaps (acute exposure to−20°C), in constant winter darkness when birds were in energyconservingmode, and in constant daylight in spring. The innateimmune response was mostly unaffected by temperature. However,energy expenditure was below baseline when birds were immunechallenged in winter, but significantly above baseline in spring. Thissuggests that the energetic component of the innate immuneresponse was reduced in winter, possibly contributing to energyconservation. Immunological parameters decreased (agglutination,lysis, bacteriostatic capacity) or did not change (haptoglobin/PIT54)after the challenge, and behavioural modifications (anorexia, massloss) were lengthy (9 days). While we did not study the mechanismsexplaining these weak, or slow, responses, it is tempting to speculatethey may reflect the consequences of having evolved in anenvironment where pathogen transmission rate is presumably lowfor most of the year. This is an important consideration if climatechange and increased exploitation of the Arctic would alter pathogencommunities at a pace outwith counter-adaption in wildlife.

Ämnesord

NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Ekologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Ecology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Immunologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Immunology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Zoologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Zoology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

immune function
thermoregulation
bird
winter
season
Arctic
polar
bird
Arctic
polar
thermoregulation
immune response
anorexia
season
winter

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Av författaren/redakt...: Nord, Andreas; Hegemann, Arne; Folkow, Lars P.

Om ämnet

NATURVETENSKAP: NATURVETENSKAP; och Biologi; och Ekologi

NATURVETENSKAP: NATURVETENSKAP; och Biologi; och Immunologi

NATURVETENSKAP: NATURVETENSKAP; och Biologi; och Zoologi

Artiklar i publikationen: Journal of Exper ...

Av lärosätet: Lunds universitet

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