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Noise-dependent bias in quantitative STEM-EMCD experiments revealed by bootstrapping
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- Ali, Hasan, 1985- (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Uppsala universitet,Tillämpad materialvetenskap,Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Forschungszentrum Julich, Ernst Ruska Ctr Microscopy & Spect Electrons, D-52425 Julich, Germany.,Institutionen för material- och miljökemi (MMK),Uppsala University, Sweden; Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
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- Rusz, Jan, 1979- (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Materialteori
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- Buergler, Daniel E. (author)
- Forschungszentrum Julich, Peter Grunberg Inst, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
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- Elsevier, 2024
- 2024
- English.
- In: Ultramicroscopy. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3991 .- 1879-2723. ; 257
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- Electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) is a powerful technique for estimating element-specific magnetic moments of materials on nanoscale with the potential to reach atomic resolution in transmission electron microscopes. However, the fundamentally weak EMCD signal strength complicates quantification of magnetic moments, as this requires very high precision, especially in the denominator of the sum rules. Here, we employ a statistical resampling technique known as bootstrapping to an experimental EMCD dataset to produce an empirical estimate of the noise-dependent error distribution resulting from application of EMCD sum rules to bcc iron in a 3-beam orientation. We observe clear experimental evidence that noisy EMCD signals preferentially bias the estimation of magnetic moments, further supporting this with error distributions produced by Monte-Carlo simulations. Finally, we propose guidelines for the recognition and minimization of this bias in the estimation of magnetic moments.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Den kondenserade materiens fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Condensed Matter Physics (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Annan fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Other Physics Topics (hsv//eng)
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Materialteknik -- Annan materialteknik (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Materials Engineering -- Other Materials Engineering (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Electron magnetic circular dichroism
- Electron energy loss spectroscopy
- Scanning
- Transmission electron microscopy
- Bootstrapping
- Noise dependent bias
- Error analysis
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- art (subject category)
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