Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children: A multi-center study

Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children : A multi-center study

The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07-1.18), 1.02 (1.00-1.04), 1.06 (1.04-1.09), 1.05 (1.03-1.07) and 1.09 (1.06-1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3- and OM.

Liu, Cong (author)
Annesi-Maesano, Isabella (author)
Norbäck, DanUppsala universitet,Arbets- och miljömedicin(Swepub:uu)dagnorba (author)
Deng, Qihong (author)
Huang, Chen (author)
Qian, Hua (author)
Zhang, Xin (author)
Sun, Yuexia (author)
Wang, Tingting (author)
van Donkelaar, Aaron (author)
Martin, Randall V (author)
Zhang, Yinping (author)
Li, Baizhan (author)
Kan, Haidong (author)
Zhao, Zhuohui (author)
Uppsala universitetArbets- och miljömedicin (creator_code:org_t)

By the author/editor: Shi, Wenming; Liu, Cong; Annesi-Maesano, ...; Norbäck, Dan; Deng, Qihong; Huang, Chen; show more...; Qian, Hua; Zhang, Xin; Sun, Yuexia; Wang, Tingting; van Donkelaar, A ...; Martin, Randall ...; Zhang, Yinping; Li, Baizhan; Kan, Haidong; Zhao, Zhuohui; show less...

About the subject

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Health Sciences; and Occupational Hea ...

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