Lower CSF interleukin-6 predicts future depression in a population-based sample of older women followed for 17 years

• Objective The literature regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines in geriatric depression is sparse. The aim of this study was to examine associations between CSF interleukin-6 (IL-6) and related proinflammatory cytokines and current and future depression in a population-based sample of older women who were followed for 17 years. Methods 83 non-demented women aged 70–84 years who participated in the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden took part in a lumbar puncture in 1992–3. CSF- IL-6, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin- 8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Psychiatric symptoms were rated with the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale at baseline and at three subsequent face-to-face examinations. Depression (major or minor) was diagnosed in accordance with DSM-IV/DSM-IV research criteria. Results At baseline, women with ongoing depression had lower levels of IL-6 (p < 0.04), IL-8 (p < 0.05) and TNF-α (p < 0.05) compared with those without depression. In women without depression at baseline, lower CSF IL-6 levels predicted depression at one or more follow-up examination (p < 0.03). Results from the generalized linear mixed logistic model using all baseline and follow-up data on depression status and Mini Mental State Examination score showed a significant relationship between IL-6 and depression (p = 0.005 OR 0.370 CI [0.184–0.744]). Conclusion Lower levels of CSF IL-6 were associated with current depression and with future depression during a follow-up of almost two decades. Our findings suggest that lower levels of CSF IL-6 may be related to depression vulnerability in later life.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Prospective

Population-based

CSF

Interleukin-6

Depression

Older women

coronary-heart-disease

major depression

cerebrospinal-fluid

nervous-system

cytokines

inflammation

brain

dementia

il-6

metaanalysis

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ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)