Degradation and rejuvenation in electrochromic nickel oxide films

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Degradation and rejuvenation in electrochromic nickel oxide films

Qu, Huiying (författare): Uppsala universitet,Fasta tillståndets fysik

Arvizu, Miguel A (författare): Uppsala universitet,Fasta tillståndets fysik

Granqvist, Claes-Göran, 1946- (författare): Uppsala universitet,Fasta tillståndets fysik

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Niklasson, Gunnar A., 1953- (författare): Uppsala universitet,Fasta tillståndets fysik

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2017
2017
Engelska.

Relaterad länk:: https://urn.kb.se/re...

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Because of the rapidly increasing energy consumption and the associated global environmental problems, it is necessary and urgent to develop renewable energy solutions. In addition, materials that lead to more efficient use of energy are of high importance. Electrochromic (EC) materials can be part of the solution to the problem of energy efficiency in the built environment. EC materials have the ability to change their optical properties upon the application of a small electrical signal. They have great potential for energy-efficient buildings, low-power display devices and the photoelectrochromic devices which combine EC and the nanostructured TiO2 based solar cells.Nickel oxide is one of the most widely used anodic EC materials, which can also be used as the ion storage layer of EC devices. However, from the view of application, the poor cycling durability of nickel oxide limits the life of EC devices. Moreover, although it has been 30 years since it was found, the underlying coloration mechanism is still not understood. Thus, improving the EC performance of nickel oxide is as important as clarifying its coloration mechanism.Recently we have studied the ageing process of the nickel oxide film when cycling in different ranges (2-4 V, 1.7-4 V and 2-4.3 V vs. Li/Li+). The film decays faster as we expand the potential range. This can be quantified by the reducing optical modulation from the transmission spectra as well as the decreasing charge capacity calculated from cyclic voltammetry curves. However, the aged film can be rejuvenated and regain its initial highly reversible EC performance when the trapped Li+ ions are removed by an electrical stimulus. Moreover, this rejuvenation process can be repeated many times. In order to optimize our results, several electrochemical techniques including potentiostatic and galvanostatic methods with different experimental parameters have been applied. Results show that when potentiostatic technique is applied, 4.1V is high enough to extract the trapped Li+ ions to regain the initial EC performance, but it needs a long time (20 h) to run. However, only 20 min is needed using galvanostatic treatment. The potential can go up to 4.7 V at the end of the process, which provides a larger potential difference to the trapped Li+ ions in a short time, without affecting the structure and the performance of the films. Raman, X-ray diffraction, Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry and Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis measurements have also been used to understand the degradation and rejuvenation processes. The discovery of a rejuvenation process in nickel oxide is of interest for the long-time durability for practical EC devices and may also have implications for other energy research fields such as batteries and supercapacitors.

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Engineering Science with specialization in Solid State Physics
Teknisk fysik med inriktning mot fasta tillståndets fysik

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Av författaren/redakt...: Qu, Huiying; Arvizu, Miguel A; Granqvist, Claes ...; Niklasson, Gunna ...

Av lärosätet: Uppsala universitet

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