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Non-Maxwellianity o...
Non-Maxwellianity of Electron Distributions Near Earth's Magnetopause
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- Graham, Daniel B. (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen,Swedish Inst Space Phys, Uppsala, Sweden.
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- Khotyaintsev, Yu V. (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen,Swedish Inst Space Phys, Uppsala, Sweden.
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- André, Mats (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen,Swedish Inst Space Phys, Uppsala, Sweden.
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- Vaivads, Andris (författare)
- KTH,Rymd- och plasmafysik,KTH Royal Inst Technol, Space & Plasma Phys, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Stockholm, Sweden
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- Chasapis, A. (författare)
- Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
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- Matthaeus, W. H. (författare)
- Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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- Retino, A. (författare)
- Univ Paris Sud, Sorbonne Univ, Ecole Polytech, Observ Paris,CNRS,Lab Phys Plasmas, Paris, France.
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- Valentini, F. (författare)
- Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
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- Gershman, D. J. (författare)
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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(creator_code:org_t)
- American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2021
- 2021
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 126:10
- Relaterad länk:
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Plasmas in Earth's outer magnetosphere, magnetosheath, and solar wind are essentially collisionless. This means particle distributions are not typically in thermodynamic equilibrium and deviate significantly from Maxwellian distributions. The deviations of these distributions can be further enhanced by plasma processes, such as shocks, turbulence, and magnetic reconnection. Such distributions can be unstable to a wide variety of kinetic plasma instabilities, which in turn modify the electron distributions. In this paper, the deviation of the observed electron distributions from a bi-Maxwellian distribution function is calculated and quantified using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. A statistical study from tens of millions of electron distributions shows that the primary source of the observed non-Maxwellianity is electron distributions consisting of distinct hot and cold components in Earth's low-density magnetosphere. This results in large non-Maxwellianities at low densities. However, after performing a statistical study we find regions where large non-Maxwellianities are observed for a given density. Highly non-Maxwellian distributions are routinely found at Earth's bowshock, in Earth's outer magnetosphere and in the electron diffusion regions of magnetic reconnection. Enhanced non-Maxwellianities are observed in the turbulent magnetosheath, but are intermittent and are typically not correlated with local processes. The causes of enhanced non-Maxwellianities are investigated.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Geofysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Geophysics (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- electron distributions
- turbulence
- plasma instabilities
- Astronomy
- Astronomi
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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