Influence of Bed Material, Additives, and Operational Conditions on Alkali Metal and Tar Concentrations in Fluidized Bed Gasification of Biomass

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Pushp, MohitRISE,Safety,RISE Research Institutes of Sweden (author)

Influence of Bed Material, Additives, and Operational Conditions on Alkali Metal and Tar Concentrations in Fluidized Bed Gasification of Biomass

Article/chapterEnglish2018

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2018-04-30
American Chemical Society (ACS),2018
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:ri-34495
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-34495URI
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00159DOI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/503910URI
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/269056URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Funding details: Energimyndigheten; Funding details: Chalmers Tekniska Högskola;
Gasification of biomass results in release of tar and alkali metal compounds that constitute a significant challenge to the optimization of the gasification process. Here we describe on-line measurements of alkali, condensable tar, and particle concentrations in product gas from a 2-4 MWth dual fluidized bed gasifier, with the aims to characterize typical concentrations and contribute to the understanding of alkali-tar interactions. The influence of bed material, additives, and operational parameters on the concentrations is investigated. Alkali concentrations are measured with a surface ionization detector, and particle and tar concentrations are determined using aerosol measurement techniques. The gasification of wood chips using quartz or olivine as bed material results in an alkali concentration of 30-250 mg m-3, and the observed alkali levels are consistent with a significant release of the fuel alkali content. Addition of ilmenite to a quartz bed and additions of K2SO4 and K2CO3 to an olivine bed influence both alkali and heavy tar concentrations. The additions result in changes in alkali concentration that relaxes to a new steady state in tens of minutes. The concentration of condensable tar is lower for the olivine bed than for the quartz bed, and tends to decrease when potassium or sulfur is added. The concentration of condensable tar compounds is anticorrelated with the alkali concentration when a quartz bed is used, while no clear trend is observed with an olivine bed. An increase in steam flow rate results in a substantial decrease in heavy tar concentration from a quartz sand bed, while the alkali concentration increases slightly with increasing flow rate. This is in contrast to the alkali concentrations observed when using an activated olivine bed, where concentrations are higher and tend to decrease with increasing steam flow rate. The study confirms that several primary methods are available to optimize the alkali and tar behavior in the gasifier, and suggests that on-line monitoring is needed to systematically change the operational conditions and to study the underlying processes.

Subject headings and genre

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Kemiteknik Kemiska processer hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Chemical Engineering Chemical Process Engineering hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Industriell bioteknik Bioenergi hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Industrial Biotechnology Bioenergy hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Materialteknik Annan materialteknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Materials Engineering Other Materials Engineering hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Biokemi och molekylärbiologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Biochemistry and Molecular Biology hsv//eng
Gasification
Ionization of gases
Olivine
Potash
Quartz
Silicate minerals
Tar
Wood products
Aerosol measurement
Alkali concentrations
Fluidized bed gasification
Gasification process
On-line measurement
Operational conditions
Operational parameters
Particle concentrations
Fluidized beds
online measurements
steam gasification
surface-ionization
platinum
surfaces
removal catalyst
potassium
olivine
ilmenite
gas
combustion
Energy & Fuels
Engineering

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Gall, DanGothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Gothenburg, Sweden(Swepub:gu)xgalda (author)
Davidsson, KentRISE,Energi och cirkulär ekonomi,RISE Research Institutes of Sweden(Swepub:cth)keda (author)
Seemann, Martin,1975Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden,Chalmers tekniska högskola(Swepub:cth)seemann (author)
Pettersson, Jan B. C.,1962Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Gothenburg, Sweden(Swepub:gu)xpettj (author)
RISESafety (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Energy & Fuels: American Chemical Society (ACS)32:6, s. 6797-68060887-06241520-5029

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