Surface modification of hydroxyapatite for dental plaque inhibition

• Various types of surface treatments of hydroxyapatite have been investigated in order to obtain a material with low protein and bacterial adsorption characteristics. Since hydroxyapatite is seen as a model for tooth enamel, a procedure providing a surface with low tendency for biofouling would be of interest in vivo to prevent build-up of dental plaque. The paper summarizes surface modification work in the area, including treatments with proteins and polyelectrolytes, use of hydrophilic noncharged polymers, modification with silicones and fluorination. Particularly interesting in vitro results have been obtained with hydrophilic polymers, e.g. poly(alkylene oxides) and polysaccharides, carrying phosphate groups for anchoring to the mineral surface.

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