Infection-induced inflammation and cerebral injury in preterm infants

• Preterm birth and infectious diseases are the most common causes of neonatal and early childhood deaths worldwide. The rates of preterm birth have increased over recent decades and account for 11% of all births worldwide. Preterm infants are at significant risk of severe infection in early life and throughout childhood. Bacteraemia, inflammation, or both during the neonatal period in preterm infants is associated with adverse outcomes, induding death, chronic lung disease, and neurodevelopmental impairment. Recent studies suggest that bacteraemia could trigger cerebral injury even without penetration of viable bacteria into the CNS. Here we review available evidence that supports the concept of a strong association between bacteraemia, inflammation, and cerebral injury in preterm infants, with an emphasis on the underlying biological mechanisms, clinical correlates, and translational opportunities.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Infektionsmedicin (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Infectious Medicine (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

WHITE-MATTER INJURY

BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS

ISCHEMIC BRAIN-INJURY

DOSE

RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN

RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL

NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA

GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCI

DEVELOPING RAT-BRAIN

LATE-ONSET SEPSIS

PERIVENTRICULAR LEUKOMALACIA

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