WFRF:(Gustafsson Henrik 1974 )
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A systematic review of ironic effects of motor task performance under pressure : The past 25 years
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- Bartura, Khelifa (author)
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway
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- Gorgulu, Recep (author)
- Bursa Uludag University, Turkey
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- Abrahamsen, Frank (author)
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway
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- (creator_code:org_t)
- 2023
- 2023
- English.
- In: International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1750-984X .- 1750-9858.
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- Wegner's theory of ironic processes of mental control emphasizes how the implementation of cognitive load-induced avoidant instructions can cause inefficient motor cognition in sports, thereby inducing so-called ironic effects where an individual-ironically-does precisely what s(he) intended not to do. This systematic review synthesizes relevant existing research and evaluates the effectiveness of experimental manipulations and cognitive load measurements for investigating ironic effects on motor task performance under pressure conditions. This review identified twenty-four empirical studies published before January 2022, including studies with experimental (21%) and quasi-experimental (79%) within- and between-subject designs. The most common reported pressure (i.e., cognitive load) manipulations fell into two categories: anxiety (77%) and dual-task (33%) techniques. The review also identified positive action-oriented instructional interventions to reduce ironic errors. Although most reported findings supported Wegner's assumptions about ironic performance effects, the review also identified inconclusive evidence (8%), which indicates a need for more research with a greater focus on: robust experimental design; the inclusion of competitive stressors; expert athletes; elite athletes; and intervention-based studies. These additions will clarify the mechanisms of ironic effects and assist in the development of interventional programs to diminish the likelihood of ironic effects in sports performance.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Idrottsvetenskap (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Sport and Fitness Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Avoidant instruction
- cognitive load
- ironic effects
- ironic processes
- mental control
- pressure performance
- Specialpedagogik
- Special Education
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- Karlstad University
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