Trace analysis of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine. Part II: Enantioselective quantification and studies of matrix effects in raw and treated wastewater by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

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Fältnamn	Indikatorer	Metadata
000		04217naa a2200361 4500
001		oai:DiVA.org:uu-170511
003		SwePub
008		120312s2012 \| \|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|000 \|\|eng\|
024	7	a https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1705112 URI
024	7	a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.0842 DOI
040		a (SwePub)uu
041		a engb eng
042		9 SwePub
072	7	a ref2 swepub-contenttype
072	7	a art2 swepub-publicationtype
100	1	a Barclay, Victoria K Hu Uppsala universitet,Avdelningen för analytisk farmaceutisk kemi4 aut0 (Swepub:uu)vicba777
245	1 0	a Trace analysis of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine. Part II :b Enantioselective quantification and studies of matrix effects in raw and treated wastewater by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
264	1	b Elsevier BV,c 2012
338		a print2 rdacarrier
520		a The isotope-labeled compounds fluoxetine-d5 and norfluoxetine-d5 were used to study matrix effects caused by co-eluting compounds originating from raw and treated wastewater samples, collected in Uppsala, Sweden. The matrix effects were investigated by the determination of matrix factors (MF) and by a post-column infusion method. The matrix factors were determined to be 38–47% and 71–86% for the enantiomers of norfluoxetine-d5 and fluoxetine-d5, respectively. The influence of matrix effects when quantifying the enantiomers of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and the metabolite in wastewater samples with LC–MS/MS is discussed and methods to overcome the problem are presented. The enantiomeric concentrations of fluoxetine and its human metabolite norfluoxetine, quantified by a one-point calibration method, were 12–52 pM (3.5–16 ng L−1) in raw wastewater and 4–48 pM (1.2–15 ng L−1) in treated wastewater. Furthermore, the calculated enantiomeric fractions (EF) of the substances were found to be between 0.68 and 0.71 in both matrices. Neither the EF values for fluoxetine nor those for norfluoxetine were significantly different in the raw wastewater compared to the treated wastewater. Interestingly, the concentration of (S)-fluoxetine was found to be higher than the concentration of (R)-fluoxetine in both raw and treated wastewater. These results are different from other results presented in the literature, which shows that the relative concentrations of the enantiomers of a chiral active pharmaceutical ingredient might be significantly different in wastewater samples from different treatment systems. We report, for the first time, the concentrations of the enantiomers of norfluoxetine in wastewater samples. The concentrations of (S)-norfluoxetine were found to be higher than the concentration of (R)-norfluoxetine in the raw as well as in the treated wastewater samples.
650	7	a NATURVETENSKAPx Kemix Analytisk kemi0 (SwePub)104012 hsv//swe
650	7	a NATURAL SCIENCESx Chemical Sciencesx Analytical Chemistry0 (SwePub)104012 hsv//eng
650	7	a MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAPx Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaperx Farmaceutiska vetenskaper0 (SwePub)301012 hsv//swe
650	7	a MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCESx Basic Medicinex Pharmaceutical Sciences0 (SwePub)301012 hsv//eng
650	7	a MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAPx Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaperx Läkemedelskemi0 (SwePub)301032 hsv//swe
650	7	a MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCESx Basic Medicinex Medicinal Chemistry0 (SwePub)301032 hsv//eng
700	1	a Tyrefors, Niklas Lu Uppsala universitet,Avdelningen för analytisk farmaceutisk kemi4 aut0 (Swepub:uu)nityr499
700	1	a Johansson, I Monikau Uppsala universitet,Avdelningen för analytisk farmaceutisk kemi4 aut0 (Swepub:uu)monjo974
700	1	a Pettersson, Curt Eu Uppsala universitet,Avdelningen för analytisk farmaceutisk kemi4 aut0 (Swepub:uu)curtps
710	2	a Uppsala universitetb Avdelningen för analytisk farmaceutisk kemi4 org
773	0	t Journal of Chromatography Ad : Elsevier BVg 1227, s. 105-114q 1227<105-114x 0021-9673x 1873-3778
856	4 8	u https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-170511
856	4 8	u https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.084

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