Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data for 603 838 individuals

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Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke : a systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data for 603 838 individuals

Kivimäki, Mika (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom / Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England; Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.;Univ Helsinki, Fac Med, Helsinki, Finland.

Westerholm, Peter J. M. (author): Uppsala universitet,Arbets- och miljömedicin

Theorell, Töres (author): Karolinska Institutet,Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Turku, Finland.,Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

Singh-Manoux, Archana (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom / Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England; Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.;Ctr Res Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, INSERM, U1018, Villejuif, France.

Fransson, Eleonor I (author): Karolinska Institutet,Stockholms universitet,Jönköping University,HHJ, Avdelningen för naturvetenskap och biomedicin,HHJ. ADULT,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden / School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden / Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden.;Jonkoping Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Jonkoping, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

Alfredsson, Lars (author): Karolinska Institutet

Bjorner, Jakob B. (author): National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark,Natl Res Ctr Working Environm, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Borritz, Marianne (author): Department of Occupational Medicine, Koege Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark,Koege Hosp, Dept Occupat Med, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Burr, Hermann (author): Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, Germany,Fed Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth BAuA, Berlin, Germany.

Casini, Annalisa (author): School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium,Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sch Publ Hlth, Brussels, Belgium.

Clays, Els (author): Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Univ Ghent, Dept Publ Hlth, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.

De Bacquer, Dirk (author): Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Univ Ghent, Dept Publ Hlth, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.

Dragano, Nico (author): Institute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Univ Dusseldorf, Fac Med, Inst Med Sociol, Dusseldorf, Germany.

Erbel, Raimund (author): Department of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,Univ Duisburg Essen, West German Heart Ctr Essen, Dept Cardiol, Essen, Germany.

Geuskens, Goedele A. (author): TNO, Hoofddorp, Netherlands.

Hamer, Mark (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.

Hooftman, Wendela E. (author): TNO, Hoofddorp, Netherlands.

Houtman, Irene L. (author): TNO, Hoofddorp, Netherlands.

Jöckel, Karl-Heinz (author): Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Med, Inst Med Informat Biometry & Epidemiol, Essen, Germany.

Kittel, France (author): School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium,Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sch Publ Hlth, Brussels, Belgium.

Knutsson, Anders (author): Mittuniversitetet,Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap,Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden,Mid Sweden Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Sundsvall, Sweden.

Koskenvuo, Markku (author): Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Univ Helsinki, Dept Publ Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.

Lunau, Thorsten (author): Institute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Univ Dusseldorf, Fac Med, Inst Med Sociol, Dusseldorf, Germany.

Madsen, Ida E. H. (author): National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark,Natl Res Ctr Working Environm, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Nielsen, Martin L. (author): Unit of Social Medicine, Frederiksberg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark,Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, Unit Social Med, DK-2000 Copenhagen, Denmark.

Nordin, Maria (author): Stockholms universitet,Umeå universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden / Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden,Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Umea Univ, Dept Psychol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden.

Oksanen, Tuula (author): Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere and Turku, Finland,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Turku, Finland.

Pejtersen, Jan H. (author): The Danish National Centre for Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark,Danish Natl Ctr Social Res, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Pentti, Jaana (author): Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere and Turku, Finland,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Turku, Finland.

Rugulies, Reiner (author): National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark / Department of Public Health and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Natl Res Ctr Working Environm, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Natl Res Ctr Working Environm, Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Copenhagen, Dept Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Copenhagen, Dept Psychol, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Salo, Paula (author): Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere and Turku, Finland / Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Turku, Finland.;Univ Turku, Dept Psychol, Turku, Finland.

Shipley, Martin J. (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.

Siegrist, Johannes (author): Institute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Univ Dusseldorf, Fac Med, Inst Med Sociol, Dusseldorf, Germany.

Steptoe, Andrew (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.

Suominen, Sakari B. (author): Högskolan i Skövde,Institutionen för hälsa och lärande,Forskningsspecialiseringen Hälsa och Lärande,Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden,Fysisk aktivitet, IT och hälsa (FAITH), Physical Activity, IT and Health,Univ Turku, Dept Publ Hlth, Turku, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden,Univ Turku, Dept Publ Hlth, Turku, Finland.;Folkhalsan Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland.;Univ Skovde, Skovde, Sweden.

Theorell, Töres (author): Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

Vahtera, Jussi (author): Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere and Turku, Finland / Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland / Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Turku, Finland.;Univ Turku, Dept Publ Hlth, Turku, Finland.;Turku Univ Hosp, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.

Westerholm, Peter J. M. (author): Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Westerlund, Hugo (author): Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

O'Reilly, Dermot (author): Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom,Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Publ Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, Northern Ireland,Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Publ Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland.

Kumari, Meena (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom / Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, England; Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.;Univ Essex, Inst Social & Econ Res, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England.

Batty, G. David (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom / Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology and Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, England; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.;Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Cognit Ageing & Cognit Epidemiol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.;Univ Edinburgh, Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Res Ctr, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.

Ferrie, Jane E. (author): Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom / School of Community and Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, England; School of Community and Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England.;Univ Bristol, Sch Community & Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England.

Virtanen, Marianna (author): Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere and Turku, Finland,UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, England; IPD-Work Consortium,Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland.;Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Turku, Finland.

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(creator_code:org_t)

The Lancet Publishing Group, 2015
2015
English.
In: The Lancet. - : The Lancet Publishing Group. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 386:10005, s. 1739-1746

Related links:: https://doi.org/10.1...; show more...; https://umu.diva-por... (primary) (Raw object); https://miun.diva-po... (primary) (Raw object); https://hj.diva-port... (primary) (Raw object); https://uu.diva-port... (primary) (Raw object); https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.1...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; http://kipublication...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

Background Long working hours might increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, but prospective evidence is scarce, imprecise, and mostly limited to coronary heart disease. We aimed to assess long working hours as a risk factor for incident coronary heart disease and stroke. Methods We identified published studies through a systematic review of PubMed and Embase from inception to Aug 20, 2014. We obtained unpublished data for 20 cohort studies from the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) Consortium and open-access data archives. We used cumulative random-effects meta-analysis to combine effect estimates from published and unpublished data. Findings We included 25 studies from 24 cohorts in Europe, the USA, and Australia. The meta-analysis of coronary heart disease comprised data for 603 838 men and women who were free from coronary heart disease at baseline; the meta-analysis of stroke comprised data for 528 908 men and women who were free from stroke at baseline. Follow-up for coronary heart disease was 5.1 million person-years (mean 8.5 years), in which 4768 events were recorded, and for stroke was 3.8 million person-years (mean 7.2 years), in which 1722 events were recorded. In cumulative meta-analysis adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, compared with standard hours (35-40 h per week), working long hours (>= 55 h per week) was associated with an increase in risk of incident coronary heart disease (relative risk [RR] 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.26; p=0.02) and incident stroke (1.33, 1.11-1.61; p=0.002). The excess risk of stroke remained unchanged in analyses that addressed reverse causation, multivariable adjustments for other risk factors, and different methods of stroke ascertainment (range of RR estimates 1.30-1.42). We recorded a dose-response association for stroke, with RR estimates of 1.10 (95% CI 0.94-1.28; p=0.24) for 41-48 working hours, 1.27 (1.03-1.56; p=0.03) for 49-54 working hours, and 1.33 (1.11-1.61; p=0.002) for 55 working hours or more per week compared with standard working hours (p(trend)<0.0001). Interpretation Employees who work long hours have a higher risk of stroke than those working standard hours; the association with coronary heart disease is weaker. These findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the management of vascular risk factors in individuals who work long hours.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Kardiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Occupational Health and Environmental Health (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Fysisk aktivitet, idrott, hälsa och digital teknik
Physical Activity, IT and Health

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By the author/editor: Kivimäki, Mika; Westerholm, Pete ...; Theorell, Töres; Singh-Manoux, Ar ...; Fransson, Eleono ...; Alfredsson, Lars; show more...; Bjorner, Jakob B ...; Borritz, Mariann ...; Burr, Hermann; Casini, Annalisa; Clays, Els; De Bacquer, Dirk; Dragano, Nico; Erbel, Raimund; Geuskens, Goedel ...; Hamer, Mark; Hooftman, Wendel ...; Houtman, Irene L ...; Jöckel, Karl-Hei ...; Kittel, France; Knutsson, Anders; Koskenvuo, Markk ...; Lunau, Thorsten; Madsen, Ida E. H ...; Nielsen, Martin ...; Nordin, Maria; Oksanen, Tuula; Pejtersen, Jan H ...; Pentti, Jaana; Rugulies, Reiner; Salo, Paula; Shipley, Martin ...; Siegrist, Johann ...; Steptoe, Andrew; Suominen, Sakari ...; Vahtera, Jussi; Westerlund, Hugo; O'Reilly, Dermot; Kumari, Meena; Batty, G. David; Ferrie, Jane E.; Virtanen, Marian ...; show less...

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