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Effect of Vegan Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Carnitine- and Choline-Derived Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Production and Vascular Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

Smits, L. P. (author)
Kootte, R. S. (author)
Levin, E. (author)
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Prodan, A. (author)
Fuentes, S. (author)
Zoetendal, E. G. (author)
Wang, Z. N. (author)
Levison, B. S. (author)
Cleophas, M. C. P. (author)
Kemper, E. M. (author)
Dallinga-Thie, G. M. (author)
Groen, A. K. (author)
Joosten, L. A. B. (author)
Netea, M. G. (author)
Stroes, E. S. G. (author)
de Vos, W. M. (author)
Hazen, S. L. (author)
Nieuwdorp, Max (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Wallenberglaboratoriet,Wallenberg Laboratory
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 (creator_code:org_t)
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2018
2018
English.
In: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2047-9980. ; 7:7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • BackgroundIntestinal microbiota have been found to be linked to cardiovascular disease via conversion of the dietary compounds choline and carnitine to the atherogenic metabolite TMAO (trimethylamine-N-oxide). Specifically, a vegan diet was associated with decreased plasma TMAO levels and nearly absent TMAO production on carnitine challenge. Methods and ResultsWe performed a double-blind randomized controlled pilot study in which 20 male metabolic syndrome patients were randomized to single lean vegan-donor or autologous fecal microbiota transplantation. At baseline and 2weeks thereafter, we determined the ability to produce TMAO from d(6)-choline and d(3)-carnitine (eg, labeled and unlabeled TMAO in plasma and 24-hour urine after oral ingestion of 250mg of both isotope-labeled precursor nutrients), and fecal samples were collected for analysis of microbiota composition. F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans of the abdominal aorta, as well as exvivo peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytokine production assays, were performed. At baseline, fecal microbiota composition differed significantly between vegans and metabolic syndrome patients. With vegan-donor fecal microbiota transplantation, intestinal microbiota composition in metabolic syndrome patients, as monitored by global fecal microbial community structure, changed toward a vegan profile in some of the patients; however, no functional effects from vegan-donor fecal microbiota transplantation were seen on TMAO production, abdominal aortic F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, or exvivo cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ConclusionsSingle lean vegan-donor fecal microbiota transplantation in metabolic syndrome patients resulted in detectable changes in intestinal microbiota composition but failed to elicit changes in TMAO production capacity or parameters related to vascular inflammation.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Kardiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv//eng)

Keyword

atherosclerosis
cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular imaging
inflammation
metabolism
arterial-wall inflammation
gut microbiota
f-18-fdg pet
donor feces
in-vivo
atherosclerosis
risk
phosphatidylcholine
quantification
vegetarians
Cardiovascular System & Cardiology

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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