Actor-Observer differences in realism in confidence and frequency judgments

• Taking a social psychological approach to metacognitive judgments, this study analyzed the difference in realism (validity) in confidence and frequency judgments (i.e., estimates of overall accuracy) between one’s own and another person’s answers to general knowledge questions. Experiment 1 showed that when judging their own answers, compared with another’s answers, the participants exhibited higher overconfidence, better ability to discriminate correct from incorrect answers, lower accuracy, and lower confidence. However, the overconfidence effect could be attributable to the lowest level of confidence. Furthermore, when heeding additional information about another’s answers the participants showed higher confidence and better discrimination ability. The overconfidence effect of Experiment 1 was not found in Experiment 2. However, the results of Experiment 2 were consistent with Experiment 1 in terms of discrimination ability, confidence, and accuracy. Finally, in both experiments the participants gave lower frequency judgments of their own overall accuracy compared with their frequency judgments of another person’s overall accuracy.

Ämnesord

SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Psychology -- Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology) (hsv//eng)

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Psykologi -- Psykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi) (hsv//swe)

SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified (hsv//eng)

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Övrig annan samhällsvetenskap (hsv//swe)

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Annan samhällsvetenskap (hsv//swe)

SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Psychology (hsv//eng)

SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Other Social Sciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Realism

Confidence judgments

Frequency judgments

Social influence

Metacognition

realism

confidence judgments

frequency judgments

metacognition

social influence

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